人们为什么要伸张正义?

 人们为什么要伸张正义?

Thomas Sullivan

要理解正义为何重要,我们首先需要了解人类形成合作联盟这一趋势的进化过程,因为正是这一现象才产生了我们寻求正义和复仇的背景。

那么,我们为什么要组成合作联盟呢?

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人们为什么会走到一起,一起工作?

组建合作联盟需要满足的基本条件是,联盟必须努力实现一些共同目标。 这些目标的实现必须以某种方式使联盟的每个成员受益。

如果联盟成员觉得联盟的目标与自己的目标不一致,他就会想脱离联盟。

简而言之,是收益促使人们结成联盟并留在其中。

古代条件

在祖先时代,结成合作联盟有助于我们的祖先捕猎大型动物、分享食物、入侵领地、建造庇护所和进行自卫。 与不结成联盟的人相比,结成联盟的人具有进化优势。

结果是,越来越多的人愿意结成合作联盟。

今天,希望结成联盟的人远远多于不希望结成联盟的人。 结成联盟被视为人类的基本属性。

问题的关键在于,结成联盟的心理机制已经深入我们的心灵,因为它有无数好处。

但是,关于人类联盟形成的全部故事并不那么简单和美好

正义、惩罚和复仇

如果联盟中的某些成员是叛逃者和搭便车者,即他们只拿好处,不做任何贡献,甚至给其他成员造成巨大损失,那该怎么办?

而且,当其他成员承担了巨大的成本时,他们无疑会想脱离联盟,从而使联盟四分五裂。

变节者和搭便车者的存在将不利于形成合作联盟的心理趋势的发展。 如果这种趋势必须发展,就必须有某种相反的力量来遏制变节者和搭便车者。

这种对立的力量就是人类对正义、惩罚和复仇的心理渴望。

惩罚那些对联盟不忠的人的愿望有助于抑制不忠行为,这反过来又促进了形成合作联盟趋势的演变。

在历史上和日常生活中,我们经常可以看到人类对正义、惩罚和复仇的渴望。

如果对那些没有贡献出自己应尽的一份力量的人实施严格的惩罚,就会出现高度的合作。 此外,人们还想伤害那些偷懒的人,以及那些让他人付出沉重代价的人。 通俗地说,这就是所谓的报复。

研究表明,当人们惩罚或观察那些他们认为应该受到惩罚的人时,大脑的奖赏中心就会被激活。 复仇确实是甜蜜的。

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Thomas Sullivan

Jeremy Cruz is an experienced psychologist and author dedicated to unraveling the complexities of the human mind. With a passion for understanding the intricacies of human behavior, Jeremy has been actively involved in research and practice for over a decade. He holds a Ph.D. in Psychology from a renowned institution, where he specialized in cognitive psychology and neuropsychology.Through his extensive research, Jeremy has developed a deep insight into various psychological phenomena, including memory, perception, and decision-making processes. His expertise also extends to the field of psychopathology, focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders.Jeremy's passion for sharing knowledge led him to establish his blog, Understanding the Human Mind. By curating a vast array of psychology resources, he aims to provide readers with valuable insights into the complexities and nuances of human behavior. From thought-provoking articles to practical tips, Jeremy offers a comprehensive platform for anyone seeking to enhance their understanding of the human mind.In addition to his blog, Jeremy also dedicates his time to teaching psychology at a prominent university, nurturing the minds of aspiring psychologists and researchers. His engaging teaching style and authentic desire to inspire others make him a highly respected and sought-after professor in the field.Jeremy's contributions to the world of psychology extend beyond academia. He has published numerous research papers in esteemed journals, presenting his findings at international conferences, and contributing to the development of the discipline. With his strong dedication to advancing our understanding of the human mind, Jeremy Cruz continues to inspire and educate readers, aspiring psychologists, and fellow researchers on their journey towards unraveling the complexities of the mind.